2024 California Rules of Court
Rule 4.105. Appearance without deposit of bail in infraction cases
(a) Application
This rule applies to any infraction for which the defendant has received a written notice to appear.
(Subd (a) amended effective December 1, 2015.)
(b) Appearance without deposit of bail
Except as provided in (c), courts must allow a defendant to appear for arraignment and trial without deposit of bail.
(c) Deposit of bail
(1) Courts must require the deposit of bail when the defendant elects a statutory procedure that requires the deposit of bail.
(2) Courts may require the deposit of bail when the defendant does not sign a written promise to appear as required by the court.
(3) Courts may require a deposit of bail before trial if the court determines that the defendant is unlikely to appear as ordered without a deposit of bail and the court expressly states the reasons for the finding.
(4) In determining the amount of bail set under (2) and (3), courts must consider the totality of the circumstances.
(Subd (c) amended effective January 1, 2017; previously amended effective December 1, 2015.)
(d) Notice
Courts must inform defendants of the option to appear in court without the deposit of bail in any instructions or other materials courts provide for the public that relate to bail for infractions, including any website information, written instructions, courtesy notices, and forms.
(Subd (d) amended effective December 1, 2015.)
(e) Local Website Information
The website for each trial court must include a link to the traffic self-help information posted at: http://www.courts.ca.gov/selfhelp-traffic.htm.
(Subd (e) adopted effective January 1, 2017.)
Rule 4.105 amended effective January 1, 2017; adopted effective June 8, 2015; previously amended December 1, 2015.
Advisory Committee Comment
Subdivision (a). The rule is intended to apply only to an infraction violation for which the defendant has received a written notice to appear and has appeared by the appearance date or an approved extension of that date. The rule does not apply to postconviction matters or cases in which the defendant seeks an appearance in court after a failure to appear or pay.
Subdivision (c)(1). Various statutory provisions authorize infraction defendants who have received a written notice to appear to elect to deposit bail in lieu of appearing in court or in advance of the notice to appear date. (See, e.g., Veh. Code, §§ 40510 [authorizing defendants to deposit bail before the notice to appear date]; 40519(a) [authorizing defendants who have received a written notice to appear to declare the intention to plead not guilty and deposit bail before the notice to appear date for purposes of electing to schedule an arraignment and trial on the same date or on separate dates]; 40519(b) [authorizing defendants who have received a written notice to appear to deposit bail and plead not guilty in writing in lieu of appearing in person]; and 40902 [authorizing trial by written declaration].)
This rule is not intended to modify or contravene any statutorily authorized alternatives to appearing in court. (See, e.g., Pen. Code, §§ 853.5, 853.6; Veh. Code, §§ 40510, 40512, and 40512.5 [authorizing defendants to post and forfeit bail in lieu of appearing for arraignment].) The purpose of this rule is to clarify that if the defendant declines to use a statutorily authorized alternative, courts must allow the defendant to appear without prior deposit of bail as provided above.
Subdivision (c)(2). As used in this subdivision, the phrase "written promise to appear as required by the court" refers to a signed promise, made by a defendant who has appeared in court, to return to court on a future date and time as ordered by the court.
Subdivision (c)(3). In exercising discretion to require deposit of bail on a particular case, courts should consider, among other factors, whether previous failures to pay or appear were willful or involved adequate notice.